Lubricant distributing system



Oct. 10, 1933. 1 R 1,929,404

LUBRICANT DI STRIBUTING SYSTEM Filed Se t. 12, 1925 4 heetsheet 2 97 392- 87 700 1 56 3,3 3g 6-. fl .12. v a; f QB-*1 as 9 31 35 41 4a .95 96 I56 m 0 4 i Z m l a, l l Q l ,35 Z 1 g 1 =2 1 0 l I 107 115 1197 119 09176' g 113 1 2Q 111 I 7/ g 112 1 1 f7 1 a1 1Z0 7? 79 ATToRNEa s Oct. 10,1933. J. BLJUR 1,929,404

LUBRICANT DISTRIBUTING SYSTEM Filed Sept. 12, 1923 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 24 7INVENTOR Ja e/J71 Ez'ju 7 244 jvi/l ATTORNEYS Patented Oct. 10, 1933 IUNITED sTATss LUBRICANT DISTRIBUTING SYSTEM Joseph Bijur, New York, N.Y., assignor, by mesne assignments, to Auto Research Corporation acorporation of Delaware Serial No. 662,195

ApplicationSeptember 12, 1923" 41 Clai1ns.. (01. 184:!) 5

My present invention relates primarily to lubricating installations ofthe type in which lubricant pressure 'is transmitted from a pressuresource, such as a pump, through a system of 5 lubricant filled piping,concurrently to various distributed outlets therein, which communicatewith the bearings. I

The invention relates especially to systems of the above type from whichthe escape of oil is precluded while the pressure source is idle andparticularly where special instrumentalities assure correct distributionof the charge between the various bearings or groups of bearmgs.

In apreferred installation, the lubricating oil is forced through smallmetal pipes by the pres-' sure applied at the source, for delivery tothe hearings in parallel. The flow controlling instrumentalities aredisposed in the path of flow to the bearings and comprise highlyrestricted outlets which I call drip plugs preferably associated orcombined, eachwith'avalve, which may be pressed by a spring against itsseat, to maintain the line full at all times. It is found that thevalves of the drip plugs will close satisfactorily when seated bysprings, that retract under about 5 pounds of oil-pressure to'permitnormal flow. To avoid exacting requirements of manufacture, a variationof one or even two pounds each way may be allowed, so that a normalvalve might open anywhere between say 3 and '7 pounds. The outlet ofeach drip plug is restricted to such extent as to ofier an obstructionto the flow of lubricant several times greater than the resistance toflow encountered in the length of the pipes, added to that imposed bythe'valvesparticularly when spring seated. i

In this case when pressures substantially high er than the valve seatingpressures, say of the 40 order of 30 to 50 pounds are applied to theline, the valves will open substantially concurrently and the drip plugswill determine the flow to each bearing substantially regardless ofsubstantial diiierence in the lengths of the courses from the pump tothe various drip plugs. i

It is undesirable to utilize lubricant pressures of the order of thevalve seating pressures, as for example of 5'or pounds, since this wouldresult in great inequalities in theilow from the drip plugs, as thosenearest the'pump outlet or having the lightest valve springs would openfirst and permit the oil to escape and perhaps prevent the pressurebuilding up at all to the point where the stiffer or more remote valveswould operate, whereby the distribution would be faulty.

vpressible at all times.

To assure reliable distribution at s all times in a system of the typeconsideredfitis, therefore, important to apply the high pressure to theline initially at each operation and to substan-' tially maintain itduring operation; A spring 6o discharged pump would be suitable for thispurpose, provided too inuchoi the energy is not Wasted within thepumnandprovided the pressure transmitting agency intervening between the pumpand the outlets is substantially incom- Only, in this case would thedischarge pressure of the pump promptly raisethe line pressure tomaximum, for concurrent opening of all the valves andior correctdistribution through. the drip plugsof an-oil '70' chargeequal to thatforced into the line by the I pump. 'The pump piston would'settle slowlyas lubricant is slowly forced through the drip plugs. Rapid settling ofthe piston would here be a dependable signal, showing'either that-theoil-res ervoir was empty orthat the line was fractured or broken, thelatter condition becoming evident from a pool of oil under the break} fIf, however, any part of the system connecting the pump discharge to thedrip plugs should distend or dilateto too great an extent under thenormal operating pressure of the'oil, or if large quantities of airshould be trapped in the pipe system at such place where it could notreadily escape, the-efficacy of the system would be impaired. 'ln-suchcase the introduction of oil from the pump into the" line would resultmerely in compressing the trapped 'airvolume to a certain extenta'ccompaniedwith a slight increase in the line pressure. Repeatedoperation or" the pump may be necessary to raise the pressuresufficiently to effect escape of oil from the lightest drip plugs, orfroni those nearest the pump, and thereafter the oil would continueto'escape in an irregular manner until the pressure had again receded tonormal, so that a great excess of oil would pass-to some bearings, andlittle or none to others. I I I In a system so impaired, even though thereser-' voir were quite full of oil and the pipe line intact, the pumppiston would ordinarily; settle rapidly rather than slowly,-and thisrapid action of the piston would provide no indication as to the con--dition of charge of the reservoir "or of damage to the line.

In originally setting into service, an empty or new installation, whichhas no closed'region of relatively large'cross-s'ection, wheresubstantial quantities of air'mi'ght readily be trappedQthe pump-isoperated repeatedly, to charge the line with lubricant, the air quicklyescaping through 'the drip plugs as the oil advances in the pipes,

cur in the absence of special precautions, if the level of oil in thereservoir which supplies the pump becomes so low that the pump draws airrather than oil, and might tend to force such air into the pipe system.

It is accordingly an object of the invention to provide a system of theabove type,.easily and reliably operable as long as the parts of thesystem are uninjured, to deliver predetermined charges of oil from areservoir, simultaneously to a multiplicity of distributed bearings, byasingle simple non-selective operation.

.Another objectis to provide a system of the type mentioned in whicheven if the pump should be operated one or more times with little or nolubricant in-the cylinder thereof, the subsequent operation after thereservoir has been replenished shall nevertheless be as regular and assatisfactory as at the outset.

Another object is to accomplish the result last statedwithoutsubstantial increase in the cost,

complexity or bulk of the system, and without loss or impairment of anyof the other advantages that may inhere in the system to which theinvention is applied.

-Another object is to provide a system of the above type, including apump, the friction loss of which is low at all times, so that energymanually applied, is efliciently converted into high line pressure. IAnother object is toprovide a lubricating system, which, without specialalarm devices, registers or the like, will inherently indicate when thesupply of lubricantshould be replenished.

Accordingto my invention means is provided to function when the pump orpressure generator is operated without lubricant in the cylinderthereof, to prevent the generation of air pressure in the line, andpreferably by relieving, venting or expelling from the system through acourse other than through the outlets which lead to the bearings, anyair in the range of operation of the pump, said air-relieving or ventingmeans being constructed and arranged to sustain pressure applied thereatthrough the more viscous lubricant. Myinstallation thus operatesselectively to vent air and to transmit pressure through lubricant. Theair exclusion device maybe provided either in advance of the pumpdischarge to prevent the entry of the air even to the head of the lineor alternatively in the line, and preferably in such place or placestherein where any admitted air would naturally become trapped for readyescape thereof, when pressure is subsequently applied. The air exclusiondevice in one embodiment is a valve near the headof the line and heldclosed by the pressure exertedupon the lubricant in the pumpdischarge-to insure transmission of lubricant pressure through the pipesystem, said valve remaining in itsnormal unseated position as long asthe pump operates upon air rather than lubricant.

.Another type of device performing the function of allowing ready escapeof air and yet sustaining pressure transmitted through lubricant, is ahighly restricted outlet, for instance, the crevice which would result,by substantially filling a metalbore of about The" in diameter, with arod in the neighborhood of .004 inch smaller in diameter. The minutecrevice outlet'is sufficiently large to allow any trapped air to beejected therethrough by oil from the pump, while the much more viscouslubricating oil would drip therethrough but slowly, even underthesubstantial pressure generated in the pump, and, therefore, without anyappreciable relief of pressure.

Other objects and features of the invention will appear hereinafter.

In the preferred embodiment of pump, the operating meanstherefor,protrudes from above the highest level of lubricant, so that no stuflingbox is required whose friction would increase the hand pulland reducethe oil pressure applied to the line.v

In the accompanying drawings in which are shown one or more of variouspossible embodiments of the several features of the invention,

Fig'. 1 is a diagrammatic side elevation of an installation on a motorvehicle only'a fragment of which is shown,

Fig. 2 is a view in longitudinal section of the pump Fig. 3 is asideelevation thereof, with parts broken away,

Figs. 4 and 5 are sectional views taken respectively along the lines 4-4and 55 of Fig. 2,

Fig. 6 is a view in longitudinal cross-section'of the operating handle,

Fig. 'lis a detail sectional View on an enlarged scale taken along theline '77 of Fig. 1,

Fig. 8 is a view in longitudinalcross-section taken along the line 88 ofFig. 9 of the filter,

Fig. 9 is a sectional view taken along the line -9e-9 of Fig. 8,

Fig. 10 is a sectional view of an outlet fitting, 1 Fig. 11 is a sideelevation of a modified form of pump and the mounting means therefor,

Fig. 12 is a plan view of Fig. 11, Fig. 13 is a longitudinal sectionalview of an alternative form of reservoir and pump taken along the line1313 of Fig. 14, and; Fig. 14 is a longitudinal sectional view thereotaken along the line l 4--14 of Fig 13.

Referring now to Fig. 1 of the drawings,;I-have indicateddiagrammatically a combined reservoir and pump 1) preferably upon thefront-of the dashboard 10, to which it is'secured by a strap 11, aboutthe reservoir, which is bolted to thedash. The reservoir and pump unitwhich is shown in detail in Figs. 2300.5, and will be described fullybelow, has a discharge outlet 12, which supplies the various bearings onthe chassis through a line, preferably a metal pipe system, a fragmentof which is Fittings of the type shown-in normally sea-ted as by aspring 15 to prevent leakage of lubricant from the line anda metal stem-16 fits into a bore inthe neighborhood of .004!

sure, practically determines the rate of lubricant.

discharge to the bearing. The general type of flow rate-controllingfitting shown is designated drip plug andjneed not behere described; in

of a junction box of dimensions such as tofit inobtrusively within oneof the channel frames 1'7 (see Fig. 7) said filter comprising a casing18 with integral support lugs 19 bolted to the .channel frame and havingan inlet nipple 20 connected by a length of pipe 21 with the pumpdischarge 12 and having one or more outlet nipples, three being shown at22, 23 and 24 by way of illustration. to supply respectively,concurrently and in parallel, the front shackle, 25, the steering gear26 and the main 13. The filter is shown apart and in detail in Figs. 8and'9 and will be described more fully below.

, In the assembly shown/the pump is operated from a pull handle 27extending through-a bracket 28 bolted as at 29 to extendbelow theinstrument board 80, said handle transmitting its tension through a wire31,.which extends through aperture 10' in the dashboard to a sheavewheel 32 on the pump, to which it is secured by a screw 33. The handleis shown apart in Fig. 6 and will be described fully below.

The lubricant and pressure source a sheet metal cylindrical oilreservoir having a bottom- 34 telescoped over the lower edge of the sidewall 35 and a cover 36 telescoped over the upper edge thereof. Thecover'has a neck 3'7 near one side thereof, over which is telescoped acollar 38 for the filling opening cover 39, said collar having a bead40by which the rim 41 of a strainer bag 42 is clamped against the top ofthe neck, through an interposed wire lock w. The strainer bag may be offine copper wire mesh or, if desired, of cloth, and intercepts anyrelatively coarse particles carried with the lubricant. The cover ispreferably of the hinged type and consequently will not collect dirt aswould a removable cover that might be placed on a dirty surface, whilethereservoir is being filled. In the specific embodiment shown, thecover'cap has an upturned hinge of a rivet 50, which may also passthrough a name plate 51 superposed over the cover. The corrugations onthe spacer disk 48 are perforated as at 52, as is the vellumoid disk at53, to maintain the reservoir vented by air passing between the collar38 and the spaced flange 39 of the cover rim and through theperforations in the spacer and seating disks.

The pump cylinder 54 extends longitudinally of the reservoir near oneside thereof, laterally of the strainer 42 and protrudes as at 55 wellbelow the bottom of the reservoir. The cylinder is positioned in thereservoir by a pilot 56, which depends from the cover and .over whichthe upper end of the cylinder is telescoped, and a .split metal ring 5'7about the cylinder is snapped into a corresponding groove 58 in .thebottomv of the reservoir. Preferably the ring 5'7, cylinder. .54 andreservoir bottom 34 are soldered together into a uniform leak-proofconstruction.

In the preferred embodiment, the bottom of the cylinder J54v isclosed bya metal plug 59. locked thereinto by asplit metal ring 60. The plug '59has an upstandingvalve seat 61*normally closed by a valve V urgedthereagainst by pressure transmitted through spring 63 upon the piston64; An

outlet'fitting 12 is connected to the plug 59 by a union nut 65and thesupply line 21 is-soldered or brazed to said fitting. If desired,-acheck valve.66 may be used, urged upward by a coil spring 6'7 against avalve seat 68 formed inthe bore 69 of the plug, said springreactingagainst a perforated sheet metal cap '70 friction-fitted intothe lower end of the-bore 69. The piston comprises a hollow shank '71 ofrelatively large diameter, upset at its lower end to form a seat '72 forthe valveV during the down stroke. The piston head preferably comprisesa metal cap '73 with its flange extending upward and a leather cap-74having its flange extending downward, both clamped against the upsetseat '72 by a nut 7 5 encircling the shank. It is preferred alsoto clampbetween the seat 72 and the-cap'74 a sheet metal valve cage member '76.l

The cage-bottom :77 which is press-fitted into the cage wall '76 hasacentral opening '78 through which the seat'member 61 protrudes in thelowermost position of the piston. The valve V in the present embodimentcomprises a sheet metal disk f 79 having a: plurality of spaceddepending lugs The embodimentshown inFigs. 2 to5 includes 80 about itsperiphery, a pair of disks 81 and 82 which may be of vellumoid uponopposite faces of the metal disk being securedto the latter by means ofa central rivet 83 therethrough. Inthe position shown'in Fig. 2, thelugs 80 are spaced above the bottom '77 of the valve cage, so that.during the upward stroke of the piston, the valve will be supportedbyits lugsf80 upon the bottom. of the cage; allowing free passage oflubricant through the piston. t r

The discharge spring 63, to be more fully described below, presses atits lower end against the nut '75 and reacts at its upper endagainstastop ring 84 firmly wedged and retained by means of a split locking ring85 within the upper ends of cylinder 54.

The operating shaft 86 is'journalled within a hood 8'7 which is securedto'the cover, above the cylinder 54 by rivets 88 passing through hoodflange 89 and 'also serving to secure the pilot member 56. The bearingsfor shaft 86 comprisean inwardly extending sheet metal hub 90 havingflanges 91 riveted to the hood, and a similar hub 94 protruding outwardthrough a corresponding aperture 93 in the wall of the hood and rivet edthereto at integral flanges92. The sheave wheel32 is forced over theknurled-outer end 95 of the shaft 86. 'A press fitted collar'96 isfitted over the hub member 94 and 'a second collar member 97 is fittedover the sheave wheel 32-, the flanges 96 and 9'7 of said collarsinterfitting to prevent easy entry of dust into the pump. The hood isclosed by. a cap 98 which may be press-fitted thereover. r

The shaft is surrounded by a collar 99 extending between the bearings 90and 94 anda screw 100 extending diametrally through'the sleeve and theshaft serves as an anchor'for the cable 101 which is connected at itslower end to the piston shank '71. Preferably the -cable is a singleendless loop straddlingthe screw and maintained against slipping outfrom under the screwhead by a sheet metal cup 102,,through which thescrew 100 extends and which partly encircles the loop of the cable andis pressed against the sleeve 99 by the head of said'screw. The lowerend of the loop 101 passes abouta pin 103 rigidly held within a thimble104, said pin fittingat opposite. ends in holes 105 through the shank ofthe piston. It is preferred to offset the hood 8'7 eccentrically withrespect to the cylinder,.so that the point of tangency of the length ofcable 101 with respect to the sleeve 99 will be .the'axial plane of thecylinder, as best shown inFig. 3, whereby the pulling strain upon thepiston will be axially of the cylinder, avoiding the wear and jamming ofthe piston, which. might result from any substantial lateral force.

It is desirable to provide in addition to the strainer 42,- a filter 106within the reservoir to intercept finer solid particles that may passthrough the strainer. This filter is a pad of felt a small distanceabove the bottom of the reservoir, constituting in effect, a falsebottom through which lubricant thereabove will seep to fill the spacetherebelow. The periphery of the filter pad 106 may be clamped againstthe inturned flange 107 of a ring 108 by means of the flange 109 of aninner ring 110 friction-fitted thereinto. The filter assembly is securedinto the reservoir by friction-fit of outer ring, 108 thereinto., Thepad 106, of course, is apertured to clear the cylinder 54 and ispreferably sustained or supported about the cylinder by a ring 111sustained upon the inturned rim 112 of the reservoir bottom, and has aflange 113 at its upper end engaging the lower surface of the filterpad, and a splitring 114 fitting into a corresponding groove in thecylinder above the filterpad clamps the latter down against-the, flange113through an interposed spring washer 115. r

- The filter pad is preferablysustained against sagging in thesubstantial area thereof between the support rings 110 and 111 byan'open structure which may be a band 116 of flexible metal wound inappropriate open convolutions, best shown in Fig. 4, about the cylinderand within the reservoir, said band having preferably scallops ornotches 118 at the lower edge thereof.

The cylinder is provided with inlet apertures 119 at the portion thereofbetween thereservoir bottom 34 and-the filter 106, so that onlylubricant which has previously seeped into the cham her ,120 below thefilter, that is, lubricant which has previously been filtered, can enterthe cylinder, 54.

Preferably the spring 63 even in the most distended position thereof,indicated in Fig. 2 is under relatively high compression. It followsthat in the further compression of the spring, as the plunger iselevated to charge the pump, the compressive force will have increasedby the end of the stroke through but a small fraction of the initial'orminimum compressive force on the spring. i

In a specific embodiment which has been found satisfactory, the springhas 50 turns compressed fromits length unstressed of about 15 inches to5.5 inches in the normal discharged position shown in Fig. 2. 'Thespring turns have a lowpitch .relation, leaving a space of but .04between contiguous convolutions, this space to be entirely closed toform substantially a column spring, when the piston reaches'the upperend of a two inch stroke. In this specific form, the

'ing stroke progresses, and similar decrease increase in springcompression from thebeginning-to the end of the'stroke, will be'onlyabout 20 per cent, so thatthe increase in tensile force required as thecharging stroke progresses will be barely noticeable, and the pressureexerted will not decrease markedly as the discharge stroke progresses.Were the spring initially under'but a relatively low tension orcompression, the distortion-thereof to a maximum at the end of thecharging stroke, might involve a "multiplication of the stress thereonwith consequent multiplication of the force required as the chargof theforce exerted in the discharge.

The operating handle A desirable form of handle isseparately shown inFig. 6. This handle includes an enclosing tubular casing 121 extendinginward from the bracket 28 below the instrument board and threaded intoa nipple 122 which is clamped against the bracket by a nut 123 threadedupon the inner end of the nipple and secured by an interposed lockwasher 12'4. Coaxial within the casing 121 is a metal operating tube 125to the outer end ofwhich the operating knob 27 is threaded and locked,said knob being normally in its innermost position against the bushing122. The operating tube bears within a bushing 126 of wood or other softmaterial, the latter pressed by the casing 121 against the inturnedflange 127 on the nipple.

Within the operating tube is a slidable plug 128 with a tapered axialopening 129 for anchoring the knotted end 1300f the operating wire 31,which extends to'the sheavewheel 32. The taper plug is maintainedagainst escape by'a closure cap 131 threaded upon the inner end.

of the'operating tube 125; The inner end of the casing tube has aclosure cap 132 with a nipple 133 through which the wire 31 extends, aprotective sheath 134 which maybe of copper tube, for instance,encirclingthe operating wire, for its entire free length, between thecasing and the sheave wheel, and particularly at thatportion of thelength thereof likely otherwise to rub or wear against, the wall ofaperture 10' therefor through the dash. The protective sheath ispreferably clamped at its outer end against the correspondingly beveledend 135 of nipple 133 by "means of a correspondingly beveled shoulder136 on nut 137 threaded upon the nipple.

The casing 121 is provided with a stop for limiting the stroke of thehandle. Thisv stop, as indicated in the drawings, is the stud end 138 ofa screw 139 projecting into the casing through an aperture 121. Screw139 extends through a supporting ring 140 which encircles the casing 121and is locked against said ring by a lock 3 washer 141. Ring 140 isrigidly clamped tothe casing. by a set screw 142 therethrough. It ispreferred to provide the casing 121 with a plurality of openingsosimilar to opening 121 at different parts of the length thereof,through any of which the stop stud 138 may be extended by shifting theposition of ring 140, so as to set the length of the operating handlestrokein accordance with the number of drip plugs on the system, or thetotal quantity of oil to be delivered to the bearings at each pumpdischarge.

Operation 2 The reservoir being charged with lubricant admitted throughthe fillingv collar 38, the lubricant will readuyypass through thestrainer 42 and slowly through the filter pad 106 to fill the chamber120 therebelow, which is vented through apertures 119-and through thebearing collars 90 and 94 in the hood :87.'.:Lubricant will pass throughscallops 118 and through apertures 119 until a common level exists inthe reservoir and in the cylinder, as indicated by line a-a. As theclose spring turns are interposed in the path of entry of oil from thereservoir to the cylinders,

apertures 119 are of relatively large area and in sufficient number toobviate any appreciable resistance to the entry of oil. The operation oflubricating the bearings consists merely in grasping the knob 27 anddrawing the same outward to its limit, when the cap 181 strikes the stud138. Thereafter without any further attention on the part of theoperator, each of the various bearings on the chassis iscorrectlylubricated.

'By the tension on the operating tube125, the plug 128 is drawnoutward'therewith, applying tension to the wire 31 to rotate the sheavewheel 32 and with it the operating shaft 86, causing the cable 101 towind around said shaft and transmit an axial pull to the piston which isthus raised against the resistance .of the spring 63.

' In this upward stroke of the piston, the floor '77 of the valve cage'76 will first engage the'support lugs 80 of the valve andwill thenraise the valve,

which throughout said-stroke is maintained below piston seat 72, so thatthroughout the upward or charging stroke, oil will readily pass throughthe piston and around the valve to fill the'chamber below the piston.Check valve 66 avoids any possible suction on the pipe line'during thischarging at the end of the stroke, and the piston cap 7374 be wholly orpartly below apertures 119.

operation, which might occur if the pipe system was not closed at everyterminal. If the handle is set for maximum charge of the cylinder, theconsecutive turns of the spring 63 will contact will cover the inletapertures 119 in the cylinder. If the handle is set for a lesser charge,the spring convolutions will have a, small space between them at the endof the chargeand the piston may The construction has, substantialmechanical advantage, since a six inch pull on the handle andcorresponding rotation of the sheave wheel, ef-' fects but a two inchrise of the piston, so that with a tensile force say'of 15 pounds, aforce of 45 pounds would be applied at the piston. The rotary shaft 86and sheave wheel of the pump introduce frictional losses in thetransmission much'smaller than would mechanical linkage or'a slidingmember, and said shaft being above the highest level of oil in the pumpunit, my con struction dispenses with the need for slidingstuffing boxeswhose friction would increase the hand pull and diminish the pressuretransmitted to the line, .The. dust excluding appliance at shaft 86, asheretofore noted, introduces no friction.

Moreover, as heretofore pointed out, the force required to overcome thecompression of the spring is substantially uniform throughout the lengthof the piston stroke, so that the manual effort to charge the pump isnot much greater at the end than at the beginning of the stroke.

. After the charging operation is thus completed,

the expansion of the spring 63 forces the piston Y downward upon thebody of oil confined in the cylinder below apertures 119. By reason ofthe substantial resistance or viscosity of the oil, the valve V will beforced upward against itsseat 72 in the piston, so that the passagethrough the piston is closed tight during the operating stroke and thelubricant is, thus forced outof the cylinder pastvalve 66 through'thelength of the pipe system and in parallel through the various-drip plugsto the bearings, The drip plugs ofieringa high resistance to the flow oflubricant there through, the descent of the piston even under theexpansion of the highly compressed spring 63 will be relatively slow, asthe force is-transmitted through the incompressible oilfilling thev pipebetween the pump and the outlets. f

. In this operation, it will be seen that the maximum eifort of thespring is exerted as soon as the 1 operatin handle is released, so thatthe maximum pressure is applied substantiallyat the outset. As thispressure exceeds many times the resistance of each length of line addedto that of the drip plug valve at the outlet end thereof, said valveswill open substantiallyconcurrently; re-, gardless ofdifferences in theresistance thereof, and in thelengths of pipe leading thereto, and

the pressure will be sustained "throughout the discharging operation,since the compression-of the spring is not much reduced even at the endofthe stroke. The spring is thus effective to discharge the cylinder55tcornpletely and to seat the piston as shown in Fig. 2. J

' There being ordinarilya substantial interval between successiveoperations of the pump, "it

follows that even whenthe lubricant in the reservoir is low; suflicientwill have seeped through the filter pad 106 in the intervalbetweenoperations, to fill the cylinder tocorresponding level, in the mannerpreviously described The pump will, therefore, operate effectivelyalmost until-thexres ervoir is completely drained of lubricant;

'Were any part of the pipe system between the pump andx-the drip plugs'dilatableto a high degree, or were the system so constructed as to'afiord thepossibility of trapping large quantities of air-therein, aswhen the pumpis operate'dwith the reservoir empty, the reliability ofoperation mightbe seriously impaired, because the pressuretransmitted'from the piston stroke,inthe former event, would dilate theyielding-part of the line, and inthe latter compress any trappedair; ineither case greatly reducing the pressure at the drip plugs. The trappedair would be compressed therein in the'charging stroke asihigh'pr higherthan thaturging oil from the reservoir; 1

, My construction heretofore described avoids the dilatation of the pipesystem, for the entire length thereof being preferablyofrigid-smalldiameter seamlessmetal tubing,'the pressure is reliablytransmitted from the pistonto the outlet drip plugs as long as thesystem is completely filled with lubricant, which serves asan incom-.

pressible pressure-"transmitting agency;

My construction also avoids the objectionable compression of air intothe line, for evenif the pump'were operated with the reservoir emptyorsubstantially empty, the operativeness of the system would not beimpaired. In this operation, the piston would-beraised.through air,insubstantially the same manner as though oil, the valve Vbeingdisplaced'from the piston seat to allow the air to flow freelythrough the piston. In the return stroke of the piston, however, under.the expansive force of the spring 63, the valve V willremain below thepiston seat '72, since the air medium has insufiicient viscosity tooffer the resistance required to raise and seat the valve. The air,therefore, will by-pass freely through the spaces between thevalve'supporting lugs and through the piston during the downward stroke,and will suffer no compression. The pipe system will thus at all timesremain completely filled with lubricant and the possibility of forcingair thereinto by operation from any empty reservoir, is substantiallyprecluded. The operation when repeated after replenishing the reservoir,accordingly proceeds without impairment, and in the mannerheretofore'described.

Should'the oil in the reservoir be at such level that lubricant mixedwith air is drawn past the piston in the charging stroke, then, in thatevent, the air would-thereupon, readily separate above the liquid in thecylinder chamber below the piston, so that in the discharge stroke, suchair would escape past theopen valve V, after which said valve wouldclose under the resistance due to the viscosity of the 011, all in themanner previously described.

After the operating .knob 2'7 hasbeen drawn outward, it would return butslowly under the slow expansion of spring 63 against the high resistanceof the drip plugs, to the ejection of oil from the oil-filled system.Accordingly the op-.

. erator would merely push the handle back, so

that it would'be out of the-way. In the manual handle return, it will beseen that the-tube 125 slides over the plug 128 and the wire, 31'therein,

the latter being slowly pulled out to its'initial position by the slowrotation of the sheave wheel 32as the cable 101 unwinds from the shaft86 in the spring return of the piston. In this case, it is preferred toprovide the protective tube 134 with a bend or kink as at 143, whichresists returning the pulling wire and possibly-throwing it off thesheave wheel, were it to be pushed back as a unit with the tube 125.

When the system is originally set up for use, the empty pipe system mustfirst be filled with oil,

- and the air displaced therefrom. This is accomplished .by operatingthe pump in the normal manner, the oil forced into the pipe system ateach pump discharge stroke, advancing-therein and displacing the airwhich escapes through the drip plugs. The pump piston will settlequickly in this'operation and substantially with a snap action, the dripplugs offering slightretarding resistance to the escape of the air. Bythis action, the knob 27 which had been drawn outward in the operation,is snapped back byv pull thereon transmitted from the piston throughcable 101,

' shaft 86', sheave wheel .32 and pull wire 31. The

, passage of oil therethrough.

operator repeats'the pump action, until presently the operating knob 27does not snap back, but

. settles slowly, which indicates that the pipe system has beencompletely filled with oil,'and that the drip plugs are exerting theirresistance to the When after a period of use of the system, the

2 operating knob 27 again is automatically snapped back, after acharging operation, the driver is thereby immediately advised that thesystem re quires attention. In the usual case, this would occur. whenthe reservoir isempty or nearly Ii empty,iso that air rather than oil ispassed to takably indicates the need for replenishing'the reservoir orrepairing a broken pipe line.

In a system in which air could become confined and compressed, it willbe apparent that the rapid settling of .the pump handle could not berelied uponto indicate the need for replenishing the reservoir, for thissettling would occur even with an oil-filled reservoir, if the linetrapped air which would easily yield to the discharge of the pump,regardless of the drip plugs at the outlets. Referring-again to thepump, the fit of the piston is not particularly tight, and since itsnormal position is well below the bottomof the tank, any lubricantpresent in the pump unit will wet the leather cup 80. The pump is thusprimed at all times and will operate reliably whenever oil is present. vMoreover, the oil reservoir unit may be placed on the vehicle at anyspace available therefor, or at any place where filling wouldbeconvenient, the operating handle beingplaced where it is convenientlyaccessible to the driver. The pump could, for instance, be at the rightside of the dash and the handle at the left side of the instrumentboard, the connecting wire extending across, the vehicle and effectivelytransmitting the operating pull. The reservoir being circular couldreadily be disposed rotarily within its strap 11 to dispose the sheavewheel in the plane of the pull wire. It will also be seen that the me-,keep the pads from sagging, while permitting free flow of lubricanttherethrough. The stack is supported upon an inlet plate 147 whichis cutaway at the inlet n pple side as at 148. The casing 18 which enclosesthe filter stack is closed by a cover 149 secured in place by bolts 150,an interposed gasket 151 maintaining thecasing oiltight. The separatorframes 145 may be identical stampings, each rectangular in shape,rounded as at152 and 153 to clear the bolts 150. Each frame has anaperture 154 near one of the cornersand a notch 155 near the diagonallyopposite, cornerthereof. Alternate separator. frames 145a, 1450, 145e,etc. are disposed with the notches 155 at the right, the interveningframes 145b, 145d,

etc. being arranged with their notches at the left. The filter pads areperforated near diagonally opposite corners to' form bores 156 and 157through the stack. I

In operation, lubricant pressure applied from the pump through inletnipple 20 is transmitted to the space 148 contiguous to the cover,determined by the lowermost wire mesh separator 160', thence through thebore 156 at the left, from which the lubricant passes in parallelthrough the contiguous notches 155 to the filter pads 144 ad jacentto'said notches, as best indicated by arrows in Fig. '8. The oil fromthe pads passes through frame notches 155 at the right side of thestack, as best indicated by arrows, to the outlet bore 157, whence itpasses through the space 159 between the stack and the box, determinedby the uppermost wire mesh separator 160, for delivery in parallelthrough the outlet nipples 22, 23, and 24. The flow of lubricant throughthe various outlet nipples isdeterinined substantially entirely by theresistance of the drip plugs on through the outlet nipples 22, 23, 24 tothe pipe line, whence it is vent-ed through the drip plugs, as oil fromthe pump is forced into the line, until the filter and line arecompletely charged with lubricant without trapped air. system operatesin substantially the manner previously described, except that the linefilter constitutesan'additional refinement for removing the minute-stparticles of dust that may have passed with the oil-throughthe filter106 in the reservoir. Filter pads 14% being of small area and backed upby wire screen and the casing 18 being rigid, the filter is not subjectto objectionable dilatation under the applied pressure, which will,therefore, be effectively transmitted t drip plugs. It will be seen thatthe unit described constitutes a combined filter and oil dividing.

fitting.

In Figs. 11 and 12 is shown an alternative ar-I rangernent for avoidingthe compression of air into the pipe system. This construction is to bedistinguished from that heretofore described in that, where the formerby-passes any air otherwise sucked from an empty reservoir before it canenter the line, the latter allows the air to be admitted into the headof the line and then allows ready ventin without, however, relieving thepressure upon the lubricant. By this ar-' rangement a reservoir and pumpassembly gen erally similar to that shown in Fig. 2 is provided whereincorresponding parts are designated by the same reference numerals primedhowever. The reservoir is shown strapped by a band 161 which is drawn atits end by bolts 152 toward a sheet metal support bracket 163 adjacentthe reservoir. Each bolt nut 164 is located with a side contiguous to aflat 165 of a depression therefor in the filter bracket whereby the nutis locked. The bracket 163 has tongues 166 bent over against a filter167 to retain the latter in place therein. The filter may be of anyappropriate construction, for instance, that shown in Fig. 13. Integrallugs 168 on the bracket, serve for securing the assembly to the front ofthe dashboard. A pipe line 169 connects the pump discharge outlet to theinlet 170 of the filter, and an outlet fitting 171 in the filterdelivers the oil to the pipe system, which may be similar to that shownin part in Fig. l. In-the present embodiment, the valve V is devoid ofthe supporting lugs shown in Fig. 2 and is held upward against seat 72by a coil-spring s within the cage 76'. It will be seen that althoughthe normal operation on oil in this Thereafter, the.

case is essentially the same as in the embodiment of Figs. 2 to 5, thesprings would hold the valve V againstits seat in the piston, evenshould the latter operate on air rather than on oil, so that airpressure would build up in the pipe system, unless obviated by thearrangement now to be described or by some equivalent top of the filter,rather than to the small pipe line which communicates with the, bottomof the filter.

A short connector pipe 172 jointsthe filter -l6'l'- to the reservoir 35'and is attached to the top of the former by a drip plug fittinglTS,which may be identical with that shown in Fig. 10. The connector 172 isattached to the top or cover of the reservoir by an elbow fitting 174,although if desired, the two fittings 173, 174 may be interchanged,or'drip plugs may be provided at both endsof the connector 1'72.

Assume that air has become'trapped into the filter as by pumping from anempty reservoir.

Whenthe pump is again operated, after the reservoir been replenished,"the oil from'the' there'ofi Should the pump be operated from anernpty'cylinder, air forced therefrom into the filtertlfifl would in the firstinstance findits way to the.

cylinder will rise in the filter 167 to eject'the" trapped air throughthe drip plug 173, which ofiers little or no resistance to the passageof air.- Theejectecl air passes through pipe 172 into the reservoir 35,whence it escapes through- After the trapped air has thus been removedfrom the filter, it will be apparent the cover 39.

that in the continued discharge of the pump, lubricant will be forcedfrom theidrip plug 173 and in substantially the same manner and atsubstantially the same rate as it is forced from each of the other dripplugs on the line to the bearvings. The oil from drip plug 1'73 whichdoes not flow to a bearing, drainsback into thereservoir throughconnector 172 and is'thus not wasted. As regards its effect on thelubricant flow, the air venting drip plug is equivalent to the additionof one more drip plug for an additional bearing on the line, which willrequire a proportionatelygreaterldischarge'of oil from the pump, theexcess charge, as heretofore noted, being, however, inthis case returnedto the reservoir.

Thus it will be seen that my'usual'drip plug when used as a ventingoutlet for any air which would otherwise be trapped, functions as aready air relief, without permitting the building up airpressure, whilelubricant, by virtue of its high viscosity'can be forced through suchplug only by a slow drip action and without substantial relief ofpressure. 7 The drip plug when used for air venting and the'by-passvalve construction shown in Fig. 2, it will be both operate broadly onthe prin-- ciple of allowing ready escape for fluidsof low viscosity,such as air and sustaining the pressure of fluids of high. viscosity,such as lubricating oil. Thus, a drip plug may be substituted inthepiston in Fig. 2 in lieu of the valve, or a valve of the constructionshown in Fig. 2 for the drip plug, in Figs; 11 and 12, although in eachcase, I

prefer the specific construction shown and dely to become trapped, andneed not have a return to the reservoir. In such case, it might bedesirable to employ at such places inlieu of the drip plug, a valveconstruction similar to that shown in Fig. 2, which would prevent thelossof the small amount of lubricant that would, in such arrangement, bewasted by escape from the drip plug or plugs.

While the systems shown in Figs. 1 to 12 have a preferred application toautomotive chassis lubrication, it will be understood that the inventionis of application broadly to the lubrication from a single source, ofmachines or mechanical installations, and factory or shop layouts,including line shafting, and that there are various other applications.

The lubricant and pressure source shown in Figs. 13 and 14 p In Figs. 13and 14 is shown a further alternative form of pump and reservoir. Thisconstruction shows a continuous rectangular reservoir 176 which may beof seamless construction, without any soldered parts or bores throughwhichlubricant might leak. The pump and all of the related mechanismsincluding the oil inlet and the oil outlet are mounted on the cover 177.The flange 178 of the cover is clamped by means (not shown) upon agasket 179 lodgedin the rim of the casing and maintaining the reservoirdust-tight. At one end of the cover 177, I have provided a verticalpressure filter through which the oil is forced in its passage to theline. The filter in this case, comprises a sheet metal box 180 withinwhich are lodged a pair of filter pads 181 and 182 which may be of feltor other appropriate material, and which are securely sustained inspaced relation with respect to each other and to the walls of theenclosing casing by corrugated metal separators, separator 183 restingagainst the base of the box 180, a pair of similar metal separators 184and 185 in superposed relation being interposed between the pads 181 and182-and a fourth separator 186 being superposed over felt 182 to spacethe latter from the sheet metal cover 187, which is forced into the rimof the box and compresses the contained pads and separators, and ispreferably soldered or brazed inplace about its rim. At the lower end,an inlet stud 188 extends transversely through the filter and throughthree superposed washers 189, 190 and 191 interposed between the twofilters at this region. The bottom of casing 180 and the cover 187 arepreferably dented inward as at 192 and 193 respectively, as shown in thedrawings, for secure clamping relation of the parts thereat, the inletstud 188 being clamped by a nut 194 threaded thereon, against saidindented parts 192 and 193. The central washer 190 hasa radial bore 195communicating with the longitudinal bore 196 through the inlet stud toadmit the lubricant to opposite sides of the separators 184-.185, whenceit passes in parallel along and through the two filter pads 181 and 182.A ball check valve 197 may be provided in axial bore 196 and is normallyseated by a coil spring 198 reacting against a screw plug 199 closingthe outer end of the post.

The filter in its entirety is securely sustained or supported upon thecover flange 178 by means of an outlet stud 200, which extendstransversely through the upper end of the filter. The outlet stud, asshown, has a longitudinal outlet duct 201 and radial ducts 202 and 203communicating therewith respectively from pads 181 and 182. Threewashers 204, 205 and 206 about the outlet stud 200 are introducedbetween the pads 181 and 182, and a pair of washers 2107 and 208 aboutthe outlet stud, are interposed respectively. between the base and thecover of the box and the contiguousfilter pads, said latter washers cutaway as at 209 to allow passage for the discharge from the respectivefilter pads to the radial bores 202 and 203. The outlet stud has aflange 210 with a gasket 211 at opposite faces thereof, resting againstthe inner side of the reservoir cover flange 178 and the filter bottom180 and a lock nut 212 threaded upon the outer end of the stud firmlyclamps it upon the cover. A similar lock nut 213 is threaded upon theinner end of the stud and compresses the pads andwashers between thebottom and the cover of the filter box.

The operating pump cylinder 214 is preferably telescoped over andsecured upon theinlet stud 188 to extend horizontally near the bottom ofthe reservoir. For this purpose, the inner end of the cylinder ispreferably bent inward to form a flange 215 over a bottoming washer 216,a lock nut 217 threaded upon post 188 clamping flange 215 against filtercover 187 through an interposed compression washer 218. The cylinder 214has a piston, which comprises a pair of cups 219 and 220 in end to endrelation, locked into a unitary structure by a rivet 221, which affordsa relatively large central or axial opening through the piston. Therivet is formed in a unitary stamping with a metal lining 222 for theinner of the cups 220 and said'lining carries adisk 223 at its inner endto form. a cage for the piston valve, which preferably is ofthe sametype as those heretofore described. Briefly, the valve comprises a sheetmetal disk 224 with upstanding lugs 225, velluinoid disks 227 and 228being secured to opposite faces of said disk by a rivet 226. A weak coilspring 230 is disposed within the valve cage reacting against the bottom223 thereof, and normally urging said valve against the seat 229,'whichis pressed out from the rivet element 221.

The operating means for the pump piston comprises a shaft 231 extendingtransversely through the cover, above the highest level of lubricant inthe casing, thereby dispensing with the need for packing at thebearings. The shaft has at its outer end, a sheave wheel formed of twodisks 232 and 233 brazed together, the innerdisk 233 having a hub 234extending over aflange 235 on the bearing 286, to substantially precludethe entry of dust into the reservoir, without, however, frictionallyresisting the operation of the sheave wheel. The shaft has securedthereto by means of a transverse bolt 237 an operating cable loop 238connected to an operating sector 239 upon a transmission shaft 240 wellbelow the upper level of the casing.

The rock shaft is preferably of hexagonal or other non-circular stock,rounded at its journal ends 241. The bifurcated or yoke end 242 of alink 243 is keyed upon the shaft 240, the free end of said link being,in turn, connected to a second link 244 which extends into the cylinder214 and is pinned as at 245 to the piston. The piston, as shown, ismidway between the two sides of the casing and a pair of identical coilsprings 246 and 2 l7are preferably provided to urge the piston to thedischarged position shown in Fig. 13. The coil springs are hooked to thecasing at their inner ends as at 248 and at their outer ends at notches249 in. yoke arms 250, which are keyed over the rock shaft 240, torotate as a unit therewith.

To avoid the needfor perforating the reservoir wall in order to form abearing for the rock shaft 240, I preferably provide a separate supportframe egen comprising an endwall 251 extending vertically downward fromthe cover and having an aperture 252 to celar the nut 213 of the outletpost, but

clamped as at 253 betweenthe pump cylinder 4 2 14 and the nut 194through interposed gaskets 218 and 254. The support frame has lateralWings 255 and 256 which may be and preferably are secured by rivets (notshown) to the reservoir cover, said wings extending, when the cover isapplied, with little clearance, as shown, parallel to thelateral wallsof the casing and having the apertures 257 to provide the bearings forthe rock shaft. The support frame may also provide added bearing lengthfor the operating shaft 231 which extends therethrough, as shown. a

By the construction described, with the filter say at the right end ofthe rectangular reservoir and the operating rock shaft near the oppositeend of the rectangular casing, a substantial space is providedtherebetween to accommodate a filter 2560f substantial area, which isdesirable as the lubricant poured into the reservoir, might seep tooslowly through a small area filter of texture sufficiently close to beefiective. The filling cup, as shown, is a cylindrical can 259 with aperipheral bead 260, resting upon a collar 261, in turn, lodged in acorresponding aperture in the reservoir cover. Strainer cup 262 whichmay be of copper mesh is supported from a metal annulus 263 mounted atthe rim of the filling cup 259. The filling cup has a neck 264 fittedthereover and is provided with a hin ed cap 265 similar, to that shownand described in connection with Fig. 2. The bottom 266 is corrugatedand is crimped and soldered to the side wall of the cup at 269. Aremovable corrugated sheet metal cap 263 presses the filter pad 258against the bottom 266. Cap 263 has a rcversely turned flange 270telescoped over the rim of the bottom 266 and secured thereto by areleasable snap lug 271. The corrugations are provided with perforations269, to admit lubricant to filter pad 258 and to drain it therefrom intothe reservoir therebelow.

In operation, the reservoir being assumed to have lubricant therein, atleast to a level to cover the horizontal pump cylinder 214, the sheavewheel 232233 is rotated by tension applied to the pull chain or wire(not shown). Cable 238 will, therefore, wind around the rotating shaft231, moving the sector 239 in clockwise direction, to correspondinglyrotate the rock shaft 240, until the operating handle, which may besimilar to that shown in Fig. 6 reaches the end of its-stroke. In thisoperation, lever 243 is rotated with the rock shaft and through link 244draws the pump piston outward, the valve thereof by reason of thevacuum, unseating against the resistance of the coil spring 230, toadmit lubricant through the relatively large low-resistance rivetaperture 221, into the inner end of the cylinder. During this operation,the levers 250 move with the rock shaft and the springs 246 and 247 aretensioned.

When the operating handle is now let go, the return or contraction ofthe springs 246 and 247 draws the levers 250 in counterclockwisedirection to correspondingly rotate the rock shaft 240 and to press thepump piston inward through the lever 243 and link 244 to feed the pumpcharge to the line. During the discharge stroke, the piston valveremains closed against its seat 229 to urge the lubricant through thebore 196 of the inlet post, opening the ball, check valve 197, whencethe lubricant is forced through radial passage 195 laterally of theseparators 184-435,

upward through the two filter pads 181 and 182,. .in parallel, whence itescapes through; notches 209 in parallel and through the radial ducts202 and 203 in the .outletpost to the longitudinal duct 201, from whichit proceeds through the pipe system to the various drip plugs or otheroutlets inthe manner heretofore described.

In the charging operation, it will be seen that at the outset, thespring hookingv ends 249 of the levers 250 move substantially inthedirection of elongation of the springs 246247 and as the strokeproceeds, at a progressively increasing angle with respect thereto, sothat the mechanical advantage of thetransmission between the sheavewheel and the springs increases, as the charging stroke is' performed,thus compensating 'for the tensioning of the spring. It follows that themanual force applied for operating the pump will remain substantiallyconstant throughout the stroke and the need for I added effort towardavoided.

Similarly during the discharge operation, the spring is at its maximumtension at'the beginning of the discharge stroke, while the mechanicaladvantage of the application of its tensile force to the rock shaft is aminimum, and progressively increases as the contraction proceeds, tocompensate for the diminishing tension the end of the stroke, is

of the springs, thereby assuring a substantially uniform high pressureupon the piston throughout the stroke. 4 f

In order to prevent the cable 238 from becoming slack during the returnoperation and pos sibly slipping off the arcuate sector surface, I

,provide a relatively weak coilspring'272 encircling the operating shaft231 and anchored at one end 273 to an inwardly projecting finger 274 inthe casing cover. At the other end, spring a sleeve 276, which encirclesthe operating shaft 231 and is pinned thereto by bolt 237, as shown. Thecoil spring 272 is tensioned in a direction opposite'to that in whichthe shaft 231 is rotated, in charging the pump, so-that it will unwindpartly in the charging stroke. It follows that during the pumpdischarge," the spring 272 exerts a rotary impulse upon the shaft 231.to keep the cable 238 taut, as it is overcome by the more powerfulsprings 246 and 247, which in the discharge stroke, return the sector239 to the position shown in Fig. 13. Y I

In the present embodiment, I have shown a, tongue .277 struck down fromthe end of sleeve 276 and tongues 278 and 279 struck in from.

the support frame in the path of tongue 277, act

as stops to limit the range 'of rotation of the ope'rating'shaft.

The line filter, in the present as in the embodiments of Figs. 1, 7, 8,9and 12 is effective to remove substantially the finest particles of'dust that may have passed with the oil through the filling filter. ,Theline filter thus provides a high degree of refinement, avoiding thegradual upon operation from .an empty reservoir. In practice, unless allof the air is specially withaccumulation of dust at the drip plugs inpro 115 272 presses against a finger 275 projecting from I foruse, andunless the draining of the reservoir to a level below the top of thepump cylinder is at all times guarded against, difficulties might ensuein operation in the absence of some safeguard, such as-shown in Figs. 1to 12. It is obvious that the lubricating installations disclosedin thepresent invention may be used in connection with mechanisms other thanautomobile chassis. The flow controlling or meter ing outlets of thelubricating installations to which this invention is particularlyapplicable maybe of the type set forth in my copending applicationsSerial No. 580,668, filed August 9, 1922, Serial No. 596,856, filedOctober 25, 1922, and Serial No; 695,740, filed February 28, 1924, aswell as in my Patents Nos. 1,632,771, 1,732,212 and 1,746,139. Thelubricating installations may aiso be specifically actuated as disclosedin said copending applications and patents.

I claim: 1

11 In a lubricating installation, in combination, a pump having acylinder and. a discharge outlet, a piston therein. for pressuredischarge oflubricant, a valve in said pump, closed during dischargeaction by'the pressure exerted thereon due to the viscosity of thelubricant in order to sustain the discharge pressure, whereby in caseair is admitted to'the cylinder, the viscosity will be insufficient toseat said valve and the air will not be forced through the lubricantdischarge outlet.

2. In a lubricating installation, in combination, a pump cylinder, apiston therein, avalve cage carried by said piston, a disk valve in saidcage having spacer lugs to sustain the valve between the bottom and thetop of the cage during the upstroke of the pistonfor by-passinglubricant through the piston and constructed and arranged tobe seated inthedown stroke of thepiston by reason of the viscosity of the lubricantmedium, and to' remain at the bottom of the cage when the piston isoperating on air.

3. In a lubricating installation, in combination, a piping system havinga plurality of outlets to bearings to be lubricated, pressure operatedvalves maintaining said system charged with lubricant, a lubricantreservoir, a cylinder supplied therefrom and communicating withsaid'pipe line, a

plunger in said cylinder, for. applying pressure to the system, saidplunger having a valve pressed closed during the operating stroke oftheplunger upon lubricant; and remaining open in plunger operation upon anyair entering into the path of the piston.

4. In a pump, in combination, a "cylinder, a piston therein having avalve seat, a valve cage and a disk valve gravity-seated upon the bottomof said cage to afiord relatively free passage for fluid during theupstroke of the piston and serving. by the viscosity of the liquidmedium to close said piston during-the down stroke thereof, said valveremaining in its lowermost position away from said'seat in the downstroke upon an air medium;

5. Inaliquid pump, in combination, a cylinder, a piston therein havin'ga valve seat, a disk valve and a cage for said valve carried by saidpiston, said cylinder having a valve seat over which said cage istelescoped, to "maintain said "valvepressed against both said seats,said valve having supporting lugs, whereby upon the up stroke 'o' fs'aid piston, the valve will be raised by the rise of said cage fromsaid second seat and will be maintained out of seating relation withrespect to the piston.

6. In a lubricating installation, in combination,

a pressure chamber, an operating member therein a pump cylinder, apiston therein, a pipe system 3 supplied from said cylinder and having aplurality of outlets for escape of lubricant to bearings, means inadvance of said outlets, determining the -distribution of the lubricantsupplied from the pump, a vertical filter in the line to intercept anysolid particles carried by the lubricant, said filter having an outletto permit escape of any air trapped therein, said outlet constructed andarranged to sustain the pressure on the viscous lubricant. g I

8. In a lubricating installation, in combination, a pump, a pipe systemsupplied therefrom having a plurality of outlets to bearings, devicescontrolling the supply to each of the bearings when pressure is suppliedto the line, means maintaining the line normally filled with'lubricantin advance of said devices, and an air vent at about or above pump ieveland at a part of the pipe line where air might become trapped, said venthighly restricted to resist relief of lubricant pressure thereat. V

' 9. In a lubricating installation, in combination, a reservoir, a pumpsupplied therefrom, a filter connected to receive the discharge fromsaid pump, a pipe system supplied from said filter, said system having aplurality of outlets for simultaneous delivery to a plurality ofbearings, means maintaining said system normally filled with lubricant,a return flow passage from the'top of said filter directly to the top ofsaid reservoir, said passage having impedance therein affording highresistance to the flow of the viscous lubricant to sustain the pressureon the system, while affording ready escape for any air trapped in thefilter.

10. Ina lubricating installation, in combination, a lubricant reservoir,2. pump contiguous thereto and supplied therefrom, a plunger in saidpump, a filter arranged vertically adjacent said reservoir and receivingthe discharge from said cylinder, apipe system connected to said filterand having a'plurality'of outlets to bearings, high resistance dripelements in advance of the bearlngs, to determine the distribution ofthe lubricant charge thereto, means preventing escape of lubricant fromthe pipe system when the pump is not-operating, a return pipe from thetop of the filter to the reservoir, and a high resistance drip elementin said return pipe to allow ready escape therethrough of any airtrapped in the filter, and sustaining lubricant pressure on the line.

11. A lubricant supply installation for a central chassis lubricatingsystem, said installation comprising a pump having a casing ininobtrusive position in front of the dash, a spring discharged pumpplunger in said casing, a rock-shaft extending through said casing, apull handle for said pump accessible from the drivers seat, a flexibletension member connected between said handle and the exposed part ofsaid rock shaft, and a flexible member within said casing connectingsaid plunger and said rock shaft.

12. An operating handle-for a lubricating system comprising acylindrical casing, inclined with respect to the vertical, a rodslidably disposed within said casing and having a protruding handle end,a stop at the inner end'of said rod, and a stop pin adjustably mountedon said casing to limit the stroke of said handle for correspondinglysaid collar serving as an adjustable stop for said cap to predeterminethe length of stroke.

14. In a lubricating installation, in combination, a pump, a readilyaccessible operating handle therefor having a plunger rod, a wire drawnby said rod to charge the pump, a protective sleeve for said wire,spring means discharging said pump, said sleeve being offset from astraight line, to frictionally resist movement of the wire, whereby thewire will be restrained by the offset in the manual return of theoperating handle and will be pulled through the offset as the pump isdischarged.

15. An oil pressure generator for lubricating installations comprising areservoir, an operating cylinder mounted in said reservoir and having awide inlet near .the bottom of the latter for ready entry of lubricantinto said cylinder, a plunger in said cylinder, and operating meanstherefor projecting from said reservoir at a level above the highestpoint of lubricant therein, said reservoir having a filling cap, alarge-area strainer therebelow for intercepting solid particles admittedwith the lubricant, and a filter in said reservoir in the path oflubricant flow between said strainer and the cylinder outlet.

16. In apparatus of the character described, in combination, areservoir, a cylinder extending longitudinally through said reservoir, afilling opening at the top of said reservoir, large-area, low-resistanceopenings in said cylinder and near the bottom of said reservoir foradmission of lubricant to the latter, said cylinder having an outletnear the bottom thereof, a piston in said cylinder, a horizontaloperating shaft above said iston, and a cable connecting said shaft andsaid piston.

17. Apparatus of the character described comprising a reservoir having acover, a strainer and a cylinder in side by side relation and extendinglongitudinally within said reservoir, a filling cap in said cover abovesaid strainer, a plunger in said cylinder, a horizontal operating shaftfor said plunger above said cylinder, said cylinder having an outletnear the bottom thereof, a cable through said cylinder connecting saidoperating shaft to said piston, and large-area low-resistance lubricantinlet apertures in said cylinder near the bottom of said reservoir.

18. In a pressure generator for lubricating installations, incombination, a lubricant reservoir having a removable cover, a pumpcylinderextending longitudinally through corresponding apertures in thebase and in the cover of said reservoir and rigidly fitted therein andprojecting below the base of the reservoir, a plunger within saidcylinder, a spring within said cylinder normally seating said plunger atthe bottom of said cylinder, wide inlet openings in said cylinder nearthe bottom of said reservoir, and operating 'means for said plungerextending longitudinally through said cylinder, said plunger having avalve through which the lubricant above said plunger passes on the upstroke thereof, and automatically closing during discharge.

19. In a pump, in combination, a cylinder, a piston therein, chargingmeans comprising a transverse shaft above said-cylinder, a cableconnecting said "shaft to said piston, the axis of said shaft beingoffset from the axial plane of said cylinder, so that the connectingcable about said shaft will extend to said piston axially of saidcylinder, and spring means to discharge the pump.

20. In apparatus of the character described, in combination, a lubricantreservoir, a pump cylinder communicating with the lower part of saidreservoir, a filter pad near the lowerpart of said reservoir above thecommunicating area, Q and open sustaining means between the bot-- tom ofsaid reservoir and the surface area of said filter.

21. The combination set forth in claim 20 in which the spacer means forthe filter pad comprises a flexible metal band wound about said cylinderand resting upon the bottom of the reservoir, and supporting the feltupon its upper convoluted edge. v

22 In apparatus of the character described, in combination, a reservoirhaving a filling opening, a strainer bag mounted therebelow, apumpcylinder extending vertically through corresponding apertures in thebase and cover of the reservoir laterally of the filter and protrudingbelow the bottom of the reservoir, a piston with-E in the cylinder,spring means urging said piston to seating relation, inlet openings oflarge size in said cylinder near the bottom of the reservoir, tensionmeans attached to said piston and extending longitudinally through saidcylinder and through said spring for drawing the piston upward to chargethe cylinder, a filter in 'said reservoir above said inlet openings,anda support retaining. said filter against sagging,;said supportaffording space between said filter and the bottom of said reservoirfor-a filtered supply of lubricant for the cylinder. r

23. In apparatus of the character described, in combination, areservoir, a cover therefor, pump operating means extending through saidcover, a pump discharge fitting extending through said cover, afiltercarried by said cover and extending downward therefrom,- a pump cylindercarried by said filter and having an inlet near the bottom of saidreservoir, an operat ing piston in said cylinder, and transmission meansin the reservoir between said operating means and said piston.

24. In apparatus of the character described, in combination, arectangular reservoir, a cover therefor, an operating member extendingfrom said cover near one end of the'reservoir, an outlet fittingextending from said cover near the opposite end of the reservoir, a,filter member carried by said outlet" fitting and extending downwardtherefrom to near the bottom of the reservoir, a pump cylinder carriedby the lower end of said filter and extending horizontally toward theopposite wall of the reservoir, a piston .in said cylinder, 2. fillingstrainer cup of relashaft, and transmission means clearing said filtercup and connecting the operating shaft to said piston.

25. In apparatus of the character described, in combination, animperforate rectangular reservoir, a flanged cover therefor extendingabove the reservoir, a pump near the bottom of said reservoir,horizontal operating and transmission shafts for said pump, verticalcarrier means mounted on said cover and fitting in proximity tothelateral walls of the reservoir and serving as bearings for the shaftsbelow the rim of the reservoir. r e

26. A lubricant pump comprising a rectangular reservoir, a flanged covertherefor, a suppor frame on said cover extending downward therefrom andhaving wings in close proximity to the lateral walls of the reservoir, ahorizontal pump cylinder mounted upon the lower end of said supportframe and extending near the bottom of the reservoir, ,a piston in saidcylinder, an operating shaft through said cover, and transmission meansbetween said shaft and said piston and including a rock shaft journalledbelow said cover in the wings of said support frame.

27. Apparatus of the character described, including a reservoir, ahorizontal cylinder near the bottom of the reservoir having a piston,and operating shaft for said piston through said cover, transmissionmeans between said shaft and said piston including a rock shaft, asector rotatable therewith, a strap connecting said sector and saidoperating shaft, linkage between rock shaft and said piston, and a pairof coil springs symmetrically arranged at opposite sides of saidcylinder and anchored with respect to said rock shaft to discharge saidcylinder under pressure transmitted from said rock shaft through saidlinkage.

28. In a pump, in combination, a rectangular reservoir tank, a flangedcover therefor, a sup-- port frame secured to said cover and having avertical end wall, and lateral wings extending in contiguity to thelateral walls of the reservoir, an operating shaft through said coveigarock shaft below said cover journalled in said wings,

a filter secured against one side of said support frame end wall,between said wall and the contiguous end of the casing, a pump cylindersecured with respect to the bottom of said wall and extendinghorizontally near the bottom of said reservoir, a sector on. said rockshaft, a strap connecting said operating shaft to said sector, linkageactuated by said-rock shaft, connecting the latter to the piston, a pairof springs syn metrically arranged with respect to said piston, and armson said rock shaft connected to said springs. V

29. An operating means for a pump comprising an operating shaft, atransmission includ ing a rock shaft, a sector on said rockshaftoperatively connected to a pump, a strap connecting said operating shaftand said sector, and spring means to maintain said strap taut during thereturnof the sector after operation or" the shaft.

30. A purnp comprising a cylinder, an ejector therein, a sring normaiiyurging said ejector to discharge position, pump operating meansincluding a rock shaft, asector on said rock shaft operatively connectedto one end'of' said spring, a flexible tension member extendingaboutsaid sector, and spring meansto intain said ten sion member taut duringthe spring return of the sector in pump discharge.

31. A lubricating device comprising a reservoir including an imperforatecup-shaped base for storing lubricantand a cover therefor, and areciprocating pump, a horizontally. pivoted actuator for said pump, aconnecting link therebetween, resilient means also therebetweenalternately stressed and released by said actuator, an inlet opening forsaid reservoir, a lubricant strainer, anda pump outlet all supported, onor from said cover, the pump being positioned 10wermost with a pumpinlet adjacent the bottom of the base. r e

A reservoir and pump unit comprising an irnperforateopcn receptacledevoid of, mechanism, a cover removable with respect'thereto, a pumpelement carried by said cover and completely submerged in saidreceptacle, pump operating-means'carried by said cover and a springfixed atone end by'said cover and at the other attached to the pumpoperating means normally retaining said operating means in a definiteposition. p

33. A supplyinstallation for a central lubricating system comprising aunitary imperforate reservoir having an open rim, a cover therefor, apressure pump mechanism including operating means therefor carried bysaid cover, said pump having an inlet near the bottom of said reservoir,means conveying the discharge of said pump upward to said cover, and acoil spring iixed at one end by said cover and at the other attached tothe pump operating meansmaintaining said operating member in position.

34. A lubricant pump and reservoir combination comprising a reservoir, apump adjacent to the bottom of said reservoir, an actuating arrangementfor pump attached to the top of said reservoir, a cylinder extendingthrough said reservoir from said actuating arrangement to and incommunication with said pump, actuating connections from saidarrangement to said pump extending downwardly through said cylinder,openin said cylinder adjacent the bottom of said reservoir and lubricantcleansing means associated with said openings whereby said cylinder willserve to contain a supply of cleansed lubricant for the pump.

35. A lubricant pump and reservoir combination comprising a mainreservoir, a subsidiary reservoir, a strainer arrangement through whichcommunication is established between the main reservoir and thesubsidiary, a pump positioned adjacent the bottom of said reservoirs andin direct communication with said subsidiary reservoir, an actuator forsaid pump attached to the top of-said reservoir and actuatingconnections from said actuator to said pump extending downwardly throughsaid subsidiary reservoir.

36. A lubricant supply installation comprising an imperforatereservoirdevoid of mechanism, a flanged cover therefor, a pump cylinder havingits inlet and its outlet both near the bottom of saidreservoir, meanssuspending said cylinder from said cover, dirt intercepting meanscarried by said pump suspending means, a reciprocating plunger in saidcylinder, means conveying the discharge of said pump upward, an,

outlet nipple through the flange of said cover I for connection tothedistributing system, and operating means for said pump including arocking element at said cover and a pump operating transmissionconnecting said element with respect to said pump plunger and alsocarried by said cover, said operating means and operating transmissionbeing connected with coil spring pump including piston and cylinderelements suspended from said cover member; having an outlet connectionto said outlet in the cover member and positioned adjacent the bottom ofthe reservoir and an actuating mechanism for said pump supported by saidcover comprising a reciprocating member, a horizontal pivotal axismember therefor, extensions from the cover supporting said axis memberat the ends, coil spring means fixed at one end in respect to thereciprocating men her and at the other end in respect to the cover andaxially extending generally toward and to one side of said pump, andmeans simultaneously to actuate the piston of said pump in one directionand stress said spring means,.whereby said spring means upon return tounstressed condition will tend to actuate the piston of said pump in areversedirection.

38. A lubricating device including a reservoir with a cup-shapedenclosure and a cover member therefor, a filler opening in said covermember, an outlet in said cover member, a reciprocating pump includingpiston and cylinder elements, suspended from said cover member, havingan outlet connection to said outlet in the cover member and positionedadjacent the bottom of the reservoir and an actuating mechanism for saidpump supported by said cover comprising a reciprocating member, ahorizontal pivotal axis member therefor, extensions from the coversupporting said axis member at the ends, coil spring means fixed at oneend in respect to the reciprocating member and at the other end in;respect to the cover and axially extending generally toward and to oneside of said pump, and means simultaneously to actuate the piston ofsaid pump in one direction and stress said spring means, whereby saidspring means upon return to unstressed condition will tend to actuatethe piston of said pump-in a reverse direction, said spring means beingelongated upon a charging movement of said piston and being decreased inlength upon a subsequent discharging movement.

39. A lubricant supply installation for a central lubricating systemcomprising a reservoir having an imperforate bottom and side wall and anopen rim, a cover therefor, a pump,.a pump carrying means depending fromsaid cover, said pump having inlet and outlet port means, the former atthe bottom of the reservoir and the latter leading through the cover,said pump carrying means including a strainer positioned close- 1yadjacent said port means to assurethe, supply f clean oil to saidsystem,'a reciprocating actuating means for said pump, a support forsaid means extending from said cover, and coil spring means axiallydirected downwardly toward said pump for biasing said actuating means,said coil spring means being fixed at one end in respect to said coverand at the other end in respect to said actuating means.

it. A lubricant supply installation for a central lubricating systemcomprising a reservoir having an impericrate bottom and side walls andan open rim, a cover therefor, a pump plunger and a pump cylinder bothcarried by said cover,

the pump cylinder being rigidly attached to said I cover and the pumpplunger being movable in respect to said cover, said pump cylinder beingpositioned adjacent to the bottom of the reservoir and having its inletnear the bottom of said reservoir and having an outlet through saidcover, a strainer attached to said cylinder to assure the entry or"clean oil to said system, and reciprocating actuating means for saidpump carried by said cover, a support ior'said means extending from saidcover, and coil spring means axially directed downwardly toward saidpump for biasing said actuating means, said coil spring means i beingfixed at one end in respect to said cover and 'at the other end inrespect to said actuating means.

41. A lubricant supply installation for a central lubricating systemcomprising a reservoir having an imperforate bottom and side wall and anopen rim, a cover therefor, a pump, a pump carrying means depending fromsaid cover, said pump having inlet and outlet port means, the

former at the bottom of the reservoir and the latter leading through thecover, said pump carrying means including a strainer loc'atedcloselyadjacent to said port means to assure the supply of clean oil to saidsystem, and also'carrying a reciprocating actuating arrangementextending downwardly irorn the cover which actuating arrangementcomprises a coil spring fixed in respect to the actuating means at oneend and to the cover at the other end, said spring tending to causea-return reciprocation of said pump.

JOSEPH BIJUR.

